The following are examples of how to cite sources in the bibliography of a paper or article. Remember that APA citations require a "hanging indent" and that most APA style papers should be in Times New Roman font. For citations within papers, APA uses an in-text parenthetical format usually consisting of the author's last name and year of publication, plus a page number in cases of direct quotes; for instance, (Downey, 2009, p. 133).
Book with one author |
Johnson, S. (2002). Who moved my cheese? An amazing way to deal with change in your work and in your life. Putnam. Parenthetical Citation: (Johnson, 2002) |
Book with two authors |
Goyer, T., & Putman, C. (2016). Blessed are the cheesemakers. Guideposts. Parenthetical Citation: (Goyer & Putman, 2016) |
Book with three or more authors (up to 20) |
Barnham, L., Priestley, P., & Targett, A. (1999). In search of Cheddar man. Tempus. Parenthetical Citation: (Barnham et al., 1999) |
Edited book |
Donnelly, C. (Ed.). (2016). The Oxford companion to cheese. Oxford University Press. Parenthetical Citation: (Donnelly, 2016) |
Chapter from an edited book |
Jacobowitz, S. (2005). Chuck E. Cheese at noon: Adventures in parenting and higher education. In R. H. Bassett (Ed.), Parenting & professing: Balancing family work with an academic career (pp. 133-140). Vanderbilt University Press. Parenthetical Citation: (Jacobowitz, 2005) |
Journal article with DOI |
Ma, L., & Lillard, A. (2006). Where is the real cheese? Young children's ability to discriminate between real and pretend acts. Child Development, 77(6), 1762-1777. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2006.00972.x Parenthetical Citation: (Ma & Lillard, 2006)
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Journal article without DOI, from an academic database, or print |
Carter, L., Sumrall, W., & Curry, K. (2006). Say cheese! Digital collections in the classroom. Science and Children, 43(8), 19-23. Parenthetical Citation: (Carter et al., 2006) |
ERIC Document |
Sabieh, C. (2002). American chunky blue cheese salad: A look at multicultural education (ED478571). ERIC. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED478571.pdf Parenthetical Citation: (Sabieh, 2002) |
Data Sets |
Ginder, S. (2021), Graduation rates for selected cohorts, 2012-2017; outcome measures for cohort year 2012-2013; student financial aid, academic year 2019-2020; and admissions in postsecondary institutions, fall 2020. (NCES 2021105) [Data set]. NCES. https://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/pubsinfo.asp?pubid=2021105 Parenthetical Citation: (Ginder, 2021) |
Doctoral dissertation or master's thesis |
Baxter, B.L. (1997). Use of adjunct cultures and elevated temperatures in reduced fat cheddar cheese (Publication No. 1386022) [Master's thesis, Mississippi State University]. ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global. Parenthetical Citation: (Baxter, 1997) |
Unpublished doctoral dissertation or master's thesis |
Honer, C.J. (1947), The influence of citric acid in milk on the body texture and flavor characteristics in Mississippi cheddar cheese [Unpublished master's thesis]. Mississippi State University. Parenthetical Citation: (Honer, 1947) |
Newspaper article |
Print: Hevesi, D. (2010, August 3). Morrie Yohai, 90, the man behind Cheez Doodles, is dead. The New York Times, A16. Online: Hevesi, D. (2010, August 2). Morrie Yohai, 90, the man behind Cheez Doodles, is dead. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/03/business/03yohai.html Parenthetical Citation: (Hevesi, 2010) |
TED Talk |
From TED's website: Kindstedt, P.S. (2018, December). A brie(f) history of cheese [Video]. TED Conferences. https://www.ted.com/talks/paul_s_kindstedt_a_brie_f_history_of_cheese?language=en From YouTube: TEDx Talks. (2017, October 17). American Cheese Revolution | Zach Berg | TEDxLivoniaCCLibrary [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qEQGaXznUbU Parenthetical Citations: (Kindstedt, 2018; TEDx Talks, 2017) |
Music album |
The String Cheese Incident. (2005).One step closer [Album]. SCI Fidelity. Parenthetical Citation: (The String Cheese Incident, 2005) |
Twitter or Facebook |
Mississippi State University [@msstate]. (2012, December 13). Celebrate 75 yrs of MSU cheese & tell us how you’re enjoying it this season, tweet a pic! Use hashtag #SayCheeseState. bit.ly/Z3Nj9N [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/msstate/status/279351983213801472 Parenthetical Citation: (Mississippi State University, 2012) |
TV series episode |
McCracken, C. (Writer & Director). (2007, May 4). Cheese a go-go (Season 5, Episode 1) [TV series episode]. In L. Faust, C. McCracken, & B. Miller (Executive Producers), Foster's home for imaginary friends. Boulder Media; Cartoon Network Studios. Parenthetical Citation: (McCracken, 2007) |
Generative Text AI (ChatGPT, Bard, etc.) |
OpenAI. (2023). ChatGPT (Mar 14 version) [large language model]. https://chat.openai.com/chat Parenthetical Citation: (OpenAI, 2023) |