Image Use & Citation

When using tables, charts, or graphs you will provide information above and below the image.  Images should be labeled for what they represent.  For example, if the image is a table you will label it Table 1.  Some citation styles require you to abbreviate the type of image.  If you are using Figure, you would abbreviate it to Fig.  

The examples below are based on APA.  Consult individual citation styles before submitting work for class or a journal article submission.

ABOVE:​

All tables, graphs, and charts must be mentioned in the text​

• Write Figure of image above with bold font in numerical order​

• Write the title of the figure in italics​

BELOW:

• Write Note in italics and give a short explanation about the image if needed​

• If reprinted or adapted, state it. Use "reprinted" if from another source. Use "adapted from" if adapted.​

• List the attribution

Reference/ Citation:

• Every table, graph, chart you use from another source must be accompanied with a citation in the reference list.

Figure 1

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Note: Image shows the use of opioids relate to increased dosages. 

"Role of lidocaine in prevention of central sensitization." Published in Lidocaine infusion: A promising therapeutic approach for chronic pain. Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Research. By Enas Kandil, Emily Melikman, and Bryon Adinoff, (2017) 8(1):697. doi: 10.4172/2155-6148.1000697.

These links provide additional information for using and citing images like tables, figures, charts, and graphs.